Cêpa’s legal troubles began after she posted on social media about Erika Hilton, a male politician who identifies as a woman and was elected to São Paulo’s municipal government in November 2020. Hilton’s victory drew international attention as a “symbolic triumph” for transgender people, and he was widely described as the most voted-for “woman” in Brazil. “At the time I didn’t even know who this person was. I just saw a headline on an Instagram page celebrating that ‘the most voted woman in São Paulo is a transwoman,’” Cêpa told Reduxx in 2022. “Then, I shared a video with my followers saying I was disappointed to hear that the most voted-for woman in São Paulo – later found out that it was in the entire country – was a man.”
Hilton reported Cêpa to police, prompting a criminal investigation. In January 2022, authorities summoned her for questioning, but she remained unaware of the full scope of the case until a news article in June revealed she was facing five counts of “social racism” under a 2019 Supreme Federal Court ruling that treats discrimination against the LGBTQ community as a penal offense. Authorities reportedly examined her social media posts to identify statements they deemed “transphobic.”
In July 2024, Cêpa was stopped at Salvador Bahia Airport while traveling to Spain. Federal agents identified her as potentially subject to political persecution, escorted her onto her flight, and advised her not to return to Brazil. She applied for refugee status in June 2025. Reduxx confirmed that, with the help of the European Union Agency for Asylum, Cêpa was granted political asylum, though the host country is being withheld for her safety.
MATRIA Brazil, a women’s rights organization, said the Brazilian government failed to protect Cêpa. “No other official channel offered any support either,” a representative said. “Cêpa was left with no choice but to resort to the last and most extreme measure: seeking political asylum abroad.”
“This is the first woman in the world to receive this status for being targeted over her dissent on trans ideology…Many women — not only Isabella — are being harassed and silenced simply for speaking the truth: that sex matters, and that men cannot become women by an act of will.”
Other Brazilians, including activist Karen Mizuno, have also faced criminal charges for statements deemed “transphobic,” demonstrating the broader scope of enforcement against gender-critical speech.
